The reserve forest comprises of shallow perennial lakes, steep hills, gentle slopes, plateaus, narrow valleys, etc. and as such a variety of plant communities and their various associates are found. It is mainly dominated by the dhok trees which form more than 70 percent of the deciduous forest. Its a slow growing species with varying girth and reaching upto a height of 10-15 meters.

Ranthambhore’s  unique climatic and vegetational features have given rise to forests that are dry and open, with little and stunted ground cover. This makes wildlife viewing relatively easier on the safari during the drier months. There are over 320 species of birds, both resident and migratory, over 40 species of mammals and over 35 species of reptiles. Besides tigers, the other mammals found in Ranthambhore are leopards, caracals, jungle cats. sloth bear, jackal et al.

The Indian fox, the extremely occasional wolf and the striped hyena are also found, mainly in the buffer area and in villages surrounding the park.The ungulates include sambar deer, spotted deer (chital), blue bull (nilgai), chinkara (Indian gazelle) and wild boar.